Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Dana: Hi everyone, and welcome back to RomanianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 16 - Following Romanian Instructions. Dana Here.
Mihai: Bună. I'm Mihai.
Dana: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the Genitive and Dative cases. The conversation takes place at a rental shop.
Mihai: The speaker is the person in charge, who gives instructions.
Dana: It’s a customer service context; therefore, he will speak formal Romanian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Responsabil: Pentru a deschide ușa, trageți de levierul negru din dreapta.
Responsabil: Nu curățați scaunele cu materiale abrazive.
Responsabil: Pentru a deschide capota, apăsați pe butonul albastru din stânga.
Responsabil: Apoi ridicați capota cu mâna sau cu ce doriți.
Responsabil: În caz de urgență, sunați la acest număr de telefon.
Responsabil: Pentru întrebări, scrieți firmei la adresa de e-mail de mai jos.
Responsabil: Nu conduceți vehiculul sub influența alcoolului.
Responsabil: Purtați întotdeauna centura de siguranță.
Dana: Listen to the conversation one time slowly.
Responsabil: Pentru a deschide ușa, trageți de levierul negru din dreapta.
Responsabil: Nu curățați scaunele cu materiale abrazive.
Responsabil: Pentru a deschide capota, apăsați pe butonul albastru din stânga.
Responsabil: Apoi ridicați capota cu mâna sau cu ce doriți.
Responsabil: În caz de urgență, sunați la acest număr de telefon.
Responsabil: Pentru întrebări, scrieți firmei la adresa de e-mail de mai jos.
Responsabil: Nu conduceți vehiculul sub influența alcoolului.
Responsabil: Purtați întotdeauna centura de siguranță.
Dana: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Person in charge: In order to open the door, pull the black handle from the right side.
Person in charge: Do not clean the chairs with abrasive substances.
Person in charge: In order to open the hood, press the blue button on the left.
Person in charge: Then lift the hood with your hands or with whatever you want.
Person in charge: In case of emergency, call this phone number.
Person in charge: For questions, write to the company at the e-mail address below.
Person in charge: Don't drive the vehicle under the influence of alcohol.
Person in charge: Always wear your seatbelt.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Dana: So, in this conversation we heard some rules for renting a car.
Mihai: Yes. Cars and the car industry itself have grown in the past few years in Romania.
Dana: What effect has the industry had on the country?
Mihai: More than a quarter of Romanian exports are from the car industry, and it has created a great number of jobs.
Dana: What companies are present in Romania?
Mihai: Dacia Renault and Ford are the biggest players, but many other companies have factories making car parts.
Dana: Are cars a convenient mode of transport in Romania?
Mihai: They’re the most convenient! There are about 5 million cars on the road in Romania.
Dana: Do Romanians like to buy new cars, or is there a thriving second-hand market?
Mihai: More than half are second hand, as that seems to be the most cost effective.
Dana: Finally, what car brands are popular?
Mihai: The Romanian brand Dacia, plus cars such as Volkswagens, Skodas, and Fords.
Dana: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Dana: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is..
Mihai: pentru [natural native speed]
Dana: for
Mihai: pentru[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: pentru [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: a deschide [natural native speed]
Dana: to open
Mihai: a deschide[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: a deschide [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: a trage [natural native speed]
Dana: to pull
Mihai: a trage[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: a trage [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: levier [natural native speed]
Dana: handle
Mihai: levier[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: levier [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: scaun [natural native speed]
Dana: chair
Mihai: scaun[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: scaun [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: capotă [natural native speed]
Dana: hood
Mihai: capotă[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: capotă [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: a apăsa [natural native speed]
Dana: to press
Mihai: a apăsa[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: a apăsa [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: a ridica [natural native speed]
Dana: to lift
Mihai: a ridica[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: a ridica [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Mihai: în caz de [natural native speed]
Dana: in case of
Mihai: în caz de[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: în caz de [natural native speed]
Dana: And last..
Mihai: centură [natural native speed]
Dana: belt
Mihai: centură[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Mihai: centură [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Dana: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is..
Mihai: pentru a
Dana: Meaning "in order to."
Mihai: This is made from the preposition pentru.
Dana: Meaning “for.”
Mihai: And the preposition a.
Dana: Which means “to.” It is used when making the infinitive of a verb.
Mihai: We use this to talk about the conditions needed to perform an action.
Dana: Can you give us an example using this word?
Mihai: Sure. For example, you can say.. Pentru a răspunde cerințelor lui a trebuit să ne schimbăm planul.
Dana: ..which means "In order to respond to his requests we had to change our plan."
Dana: Okay, what's the next word?
Mihai: în caz de
Dana: Meaning "in case of"
Dana: Can you break down this adverbial structure for us?
Mihai: First is the preposition în, meaning “in.” Next is the neuter noun caz, which is in singular form.
Dana: It means “case.”
Mihai: Finally is the preposition de.
Dana: This means “of.” The phrase literally means “in case of.”
Mihai: We use this to talk about a situation or condition requiring a certain type of reaction.
Dana: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Mihai: Sure. For example, you can say.. Trebuie să schimbați actele în caz de divorț.
Dana: .. which means "You must replace your documents in case of divorce."
Dana: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

Dana: In this lesson, you'll learn about the Genitive and Dative cases.
Dana: What is the genitive case used for?
Mihai: It expresses possession, and we can use it to respond to a/al/ale/ai cui?
questions.
Dana: So, it’s used to respond to “whose” questions. Let’s look at common situations in which it is used.
Mihai: There is the genitival article al meu, which means “my.”
Dana: It expresses possession and is pre-poised to the noun, having a form for each number and gender.
Mihai: The genitive case also requires the use of an articulated preposition or adverbial structure such as înaintea.
Dana: “In front of.” Now, let’s move onto the dative case.
Mihai: This expresses destination and comes as a reply to the question cui?
Dana: Which means “To whom?” Here are some of the common situations where this case applies.
Mihai: As an indirect complement expressed by a noun. For example, Dă mâncare câinelui
Dana: “He gives food to the dog.” Also, as a personal or reflexive pronoun that replaces a possessive adjective. For example, “Where did I park my car?”
Mihai: That’s Unde mi-am parcat mașina? It can also be used as a personal pronoun in a pronominal unipersonal and impersonal verb, such as a-i plăcea.
Dana: “To like.” It seems like these cases are a little similar and easy to get confused. Mihai, do you have any tips so we don’t get confused between the genitive and dative cases?
Mihai: Sure. Try to remember that the genitive expresses possession while the dative expresses destination.
Dana: Okay. Anything else?
Mihai: The personal pronoun in genitive determines a noun while the one in dative determines a verb.
Dana: Let’s hear some examples. First, a genitive sentence.
Mihai: Este ziua lui.
Dana: “It is his birthday.” And next a similar dative sentence.
Mihai: Ziua asta este a lui.
Dana: “This is his birthday.”
Mihai: Another genitive sentence is Ei au acționat împotriva legii.
Dana: “They acted against the law.” And a similar dative sentence?
Mihai: Acest fapt se supune legii.
Dana: “This act is under the law.” Let’s hear one final pair of sentences. Again, genitive first.
Mihai: Hainele din mijlocul camerei sunt curate.
Dana: “The clothes in the middle of the room are clean.” And now a similar dative sentence.
Mihai: Camerei mele îi stă mai bine curată.
Dana: “My room looks better while clean.”

Outro

Dana: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Mihai: La revedere.

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